voynichese alphabet analysis

report

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voynichese alphabet analysis
2016-02-17 Report - Voynichese Alphabet
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objectives

  • Is it possible to propose a system in which the voynichese letters have been designed?

  • In which way do the so called weirdoes fit in this expected system?

  • How is it possible to easily distinguish between the letters rand s, band n, chandIh?

  • Are there diacritics?

material & methods

  • Downloading high resolution images ("zoom view") from Homepage of Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University (2014, about 252 images, 72ppi, JPG, about 1.03 GB in total, URL:http://brbl-zoom.library.yale.edu/viewer/1006074).

  • Examination of all folios of the VMS

  • Listing and depicting all variations of the voynichese letters (first on basis of the EVA system designed by ZANDBERGEN & LANDINI in 2000 and the so called curve-line-system discovered by CHAM & JACKSON in 2015)

findings

  • The proposed curve-line-system to create monograms is made up of the two bases curve /e/ and line /i/ and attachments namely closed curles /d J/open (descendening) curles /g m/,descending tails /y l/ and ascending tails /s r b n/.
  • The proposed system implicates that there has to be additional monograms: a line with descending tail and a curve with descending tail - but they couldn't be found in the VMS f1r-f36r 
  • It is not possible to distinguish between band nwithout the given context of /eee/ or /iii/
  • The voynichese apostrophe or comma (') is often used with chbut also with other symbols like ee, oand y. Also it is not clear at all if the voynichese apostrophe or comma (') is used more on the top left side, in the middle or more on the top right side of the /chor/ if it rather should be a /bh/.
  • The uppercase letters f, k, pand tare used to build bi-, tri- and tetragrams /ct cT cTh cThh/.
  • There is a large amount of symbols and weirdoes which do not fit in the proposed system like /A u O Y x £/ and which are not reflected by the EVA system either.

discussion

  • It must have been clear to the author that after /b/ always follows /eee/ or /n/ after /iii/ respectively because the author didn't care much about accuracy.

  • It is likely that the voynichese apostrophe or comma (') a diacritic symbol like a spiritus lenis, spiritus asper for correct pronunciation or a coronis marking a missing vowel (so called crasis). As shown by GUY (1991, 1991a) the symbol /ees/ or /t/ out as vowel the smybol /ch/ sort out as consonant.
  • It was not possible to find a clear system in which all possible voynichese symbols fit in. But it was found that most of the voynichese symbols show a vast spectrum of appearance and shape because they are not always written with much care and accuracy. Most of them do not fit exactly in the idealized shapes of the EVA system. 
  • It seems that the symbols were clear to the author and thus were thought to be clear to the reader.

perspectives

  • If the voynichese apostrophe or comma (') is a diacritic which marks a missing vowel, maybe more vowels are hidden between other symbols, like it has been proposed by BAX(2013, 2014).

attachments

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voynichese alphabet analysis
2017-01-18 Attachment - Voynichese Alpha
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references

  • Beinecke MS 408.Cipher manuscript (Voynich manuscript). General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. http://brbl-dl.library.yale.edu/vufind/Record/3519597
  • BAX (2013)The Voynich manuscript – informal observations on some linguistic patterns. University of Bedfordshire. http://stephenbax.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/The-Voynich-manuscript-observations-on-linguistic-patterns-v3.pdf
  • BAX (2014) A proposed partial decoding of the Voynich Script. University of Bedfordshire.http://stephenbax.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Voynich-a-provisional-partial-decoding-BAX.pdf
  • CHAM& JACKSON(2015)Introduction to the Curve-Line System (CLS). https://briancham1994.wordpress.com/2014/12/17/curve-line-system/
  • D'IMPERIO(1978)The Voynich Manuscript: An Elegant Enigma. Fort George G. Meade, Maryland. National Security Agency (NSA).https://www.nsa.gov/about/_files/cryptologic_heritage/publications/misc/voynich_manuscript.pdf
  • GUY (1991)Statistical Properties of Two Folios of the Voynich Manuscript. Cryptologia, XV, Issue 4, pp. 207-218
  • GUY(1991a)Letter to the Editor Re Voynich Manuscript. Cryptologia, XV, Issue 3, pp. 161-166
  • ZANDBERGEN LANDINI(2000?)European Voynich Alphabet (EVA)